Other than family, I have lost everything I ever cared about,” Menendez told the judge. “For someone who spent his entire life in public service, every day I’m awake is a punishment.”

Mr. Menendez, a powerful longtime senator from New Jersey, was convicted last year on federal bribery and corruption charges.

Former Sen. Bob Menendez pleaded not guilty to all of the charges against him and has vowed to appeal the conviction and sentence.